Supplementary Table 1: Natural environments classification of Bacillus species used in this study Organism Bioproject Accession Ecosystem Ecosystem Category Ecosystem Type B. alcalophilus ATCC 27647 PRJNA171835 Host-associated Human Facultative B. amyloliquefaciens DSM 7 PRJEA41719 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. amyloliquefaciens TA208 PRJNA64581 Engineered Industrial production Terrestrial B. amyloliquefaciens plantarum FZB42 PRJNA13403 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. amyloliquefaciens plantarum UCMB5036 PRJEA82107 Host-associated Plants Facultative B. anthracis Ames PRJNA309 Derivated Facultative B. anthracis Ames 'Ancestor' PRJNA10784 Host-associated Animal Facultative B. anthracis Sterne PRJNA10878 Host-associated Unclassified Facultative B. aquimaris TF12 PRJNA71387 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. atrophaeus 1942 PRJNA46075 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. azotoformans LMG 9581 PRJNA80827 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. bataviensis LMG 21833 PRJNA77725 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. cellulosilyticus DSM 2522 PRJNA38423 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. cereus AH187 PRJNA17715 Host-associated Human Facultative B. cereus ATCC 10987 PRJNA74 Engineered Food production Terrestrial B. cereus ATCC 14579 PRJNA384 Host-associated Facultative B. cereus B4264 PRJNA17731 Host-associated Human Facultative B. cereus E33L PRJNA12468 Host-associated Mammals Facultative B. cereus F837/76 PRJNA15716 Host-associated Unclassified Facultative B. cereus FRI-35 PRJNA171769 Unknown B. cereus G9842 PRJNA17733 Host-associated Animal Facultative B. cereus Q1 PRJNA16220 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. cereus anthracis CI PRJNA36309 Host-associated Chimpanzee Facultative B. clausii KSM-K16 PRJNA13291 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. coagulans 2-6 PRJNA61501 Unknown B. coagulans 36D1 PRJNA15679 Environmental Aquatic Specialized B. coahuilensis m2-6 PRJNA84423 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. coahuilensis m4-4 PRJNA19551 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. coahuilensis p1.1.43c PRJNA84425 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. cytotoxicus NVH 391-98 PRJNA13624 Host-associated Plants Facultative B. halodurans C-125 PRJNA235 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. horikoshii DSM 8719 PRJNA72395 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. infantis NRRL B-14911 PRJNA212797 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. isronensis B3W22 PRJNA173035 Environmental Air Specialized B. licheniformis 9945A PRJNA49115 Unknown B. licheniformis DSM 13 = ATCC 14580 PRJNA13082 Host-associated Facultative B. macauensis ZFHKF-1 PRJNA167832 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. megaterium DSM 319 PRJNA42425 Environmental Soil Terrestrial B. megaterium QM B1551 PRJNA30165 Environmental Soil Terrestrial B. megaterium WSH002 PRJNA71447 Environmental Soil Terrestrial B. methanolicus MGA3 PRJNA49595 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. mojavensis RO-H-1 PRJNA68567 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. mycoides DSM 2048 PRJNA29701 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. oceanisediminis 2691 PRJNA167766 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. pseudofirmus OF4 PRJNA28811 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. pumilus SAFR-032 PRJNA20391 Engineered Built environment Terrestrial B. selenitireducens MLS10 PRJNA13376 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. stratosphericus LAMA 585 PRJNA176166 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. subtilis PY79 PRJNA225627 Unknown B. subtilis gtP20b PRJNA53249 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic B. subtilis spizizenii TU-B-10 PRJNA68561 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. subtilis spizizenii W23 PRJNA38713 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. subtilis subtilis 168 PRJNA29889 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. thuringiensis Al Hakam PRJNA18255 Engineered Industrial production Facultative B. thuringiensis BMB171 PRJNA43631 Engineered Facultative B. thuringiensis HD-771 PRJNA171845 Unknown B. thuringiensis MC28 PRJNA167562 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. thuringiensis chinensis CT-43 PRJNA43737 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. thuringiensis nitimus YBT-020 PRJNA60447 Unknown B. thuringiensis konkukian 97-27 PRJNA10877 Host-associated Human Facultative B. thuringiensis kurstaki HD73 PRJNA185468 Unknown B. thuringiensis thuringiensis IS5056 PRJNA187142 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. toyonensis BCT-7112 PRJNA225857 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial B. weihenstephanensis KBAB4 PRJNA13623 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial Bacillus sp. 10403023 PRJEA70827 Host-associated Human Facultative Bacillus sp. 1NLA3E PRJNA53255 Engineered Bioremediation Terrestrial Bacillus sp. 2 A 57 CT2 PRJNA40003 Host-associated Human Facultative Bacillus sp. 5B6 PRJNA79215 Host-associated Plants Facultative Bacillus sp. 7 6 55CFAA CT2 PRJNA40005 Host-associated Human Facultative Bacillus sp. B14905 PRJNA18949 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Bacillus sp. BT1B CT2 PRJNA40001 Host-associated Human Facultative Bacillus sp. HYC-10 PRJNA162763 Host-associated Fish Facultative Bacillus sp. JS PRJNA79217 Environmental Terrestrial Terrestrial Bacillus sp. L1(2012) PRJNA182346 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Bacillus sp. M 2-6 PRJNA161543 Host-associated Plants Facultative Bacillus sp. NRRL B-14911 PRJNA13545 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Bacillus sp. SG-1 PRJNA19283 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Bacillus sp. m3-13 PRJNA38237 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Bacillus sp. P15.4 PRJNA384653 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic Geobacillus sp. Y412MC52 PRJNA30797 Environmental Aquatic Specialized L. innocua Clip11262 PRJNA86 Engineered Food production Facultative L. monocytogenes 4b Clip 80459 PRJEA32207 Host-associated Facultative O. iheyensis HTE831 PRJNA284 Environmental Aquatic Aquatic