Synchronous timing of return to breeding sites in a long-distance migratory seabird with ocean-scale variation in migration schedules
Posted on 2024-03-23 - 06:01
Abstract Background Migratory birds generally have tightly scheduled annual cycles, in which delays can have carry-over effects on the timing of later events, ultimately impacting reproductive output. Whether temporal carry-over effects are more pronounced among migrations over larger distances, with tighter schedules, is a largely unexplored question. Methods We tracked individual Arctic Skuas Stercorarius parasiticus, a long-distance migratory seabird, from eight breeding populations between Greenland and Siberia using light-level geolocators. We tested whether migration schedules among breeding populations differ as a function of their use of seven widely divergent wintering areas across the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean. Results Breeding at higher latitudes led not only to later reproduction and migration, but also faster spring migration and shorter time between return to the breeding area and clutch initiation. Wintering area was consistent within individuals among years; and more distant areas were associated with more time spent on migration and less time in the wintering areas. Skuas adjusted the period spent in the wintering area, regardless of migration distance, which buffered the variation in timing of autumn migration. Choice of wintering area had only minor effects on timing of return at the breeding area and timing of breeding and these effects were not consistent between breeding populations. Conclusion The lack of a consistent effect of wintering area on timing of return between breeding areas indicates that individuals synchronize their arrival with others in their population despite extensive individual differences in migration strategies.
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van Bemmelen, Rob S. A.; Moe, Børge; Schekkerman, Hans; Hansen, Sveinn Are; Snell, Katherine R. S.; Humphreys, Elizabeth M.; et al. (2024). Synchronous timing of return to breeding sites in a long-distance migratory seabird with ocean-scale variation in migration schedules. figshare. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7146490.v1
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AUTHORS (23)
Rv
Rob S. A. van Bemmelen
BM
Børge Moe
HS
Hans Schekkerman
SH
Sveinn Are Hansen
KS
Katherine R. S. Snell
EH
Elizabeth M. Humphreys
EM
Elina Mäntylä
GH
Gunnar Thor Hallgrimsson
OG
Olivier Gilg
DE
Dorothée Ehrich
JC
John Calladine
SH
Sjúrður Hammer
SH
Sarah Harris
JL
Johannes Lang
SV
Sölvi Rúnar Vignisson
YK
Yann Kolbeinsson
KN
Kimmo Nuotio
MS
Matti Sillanpää
BS
Benoît Sittler
AS
Aleksandr Sokolov