Additional file 2. In vitro experiments: Visual evaluation of fluid in a venousair trap chamber.In the horizontal inflow chamber, it was confirmed thatthe fluid flows uniformly throughout the chamber as a vortex flow regardlessof the presence of the filter. Additionally, no retention was observedin the horizontal inflow chamber.In the vertical inflow chamber, weobserved a non-uniform motion of fluid winding pulsatilely upward fromthe bottom of the chamber. In addition, there was no fluidity in the upperlayer of the liquid surface, and stagnation occurred. Also here, visually wecould not conclude a difference caused by the presence or absence of thefilter.