MOESM1 of Hypoxia and therapeutic treatment of EV-A71 with an immune modulator TLR7 agonist in a new immunocompetent mouse model

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparisons between white-jaded and non-white-jaded muscles. a & b Paraffin-embedded muscle sections were stained with various antibodies specific for lymphocyte and macrophage markers. Massive infiltration of M1 macrophage (CD68) was detected in both white-jaded and non-white-jaded muscles. c Infectious virus was recovered and titrated from EV-A71-infected muscle. No significant difference was found between white-jaded and non-white-jaded muscle. d Analysis by complete blood count (CBC) revealed no statistically significant difference in the total numbers of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HGB value) and hematocrit (HCT value) between uninfected (N = 3) and EV-A71-infected (N = 6) mice. In contrast to the significant decrease of lymphocytes in EV-A71-infected mice, both neutrophil (NEU) and monocyte (MONO) were increased significantly in EV-A71 infected mice. e Strong VEGFA expression was detected by IHC in both white-jaded and non-white-jaded muscles. f Similar levels of VEGFA protein expression were detected by ELISA between white-jaded and non-white-jaded muscles. ns, not statistically significant. g A significantly increased level of VEGFA in the blood circulation was detected by ELISA in EV-A71-infected mice (6–9 dpi) with disease manifestation. No increase in VEGF was detected in uninfected control mice. Dotted line represents the detection sensitivity in this ELISA kit.