Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Alpha-1-antitrypsin interacts with gp41 to block HIV-1 entry into CD4+ T lymphocytes

AAT, C and ΔAAT did not directly target the integration of primary HIV-1 DNA into the host genome. CD4+ T were incubated in the presence or absence of AAT/C/ΔAAT and then infected by HIV-191US054 (A) or HIV-192US714 (C) without removing reagents. Next, infected CD4+ T cells were washed to remove unbound viruses and reagents and incubated for 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, or 30 h in the presence or absence of AAT/C/ΔAAT (same condition as before infection) to isolate DNA. The integration of HIV-1 viral DNA was detected by Alu-PCR (A and C). Additionally, CD4+ T cells were also infected with HIV-191US054 (B) or HIV-192US714 (D) without AAT/C/ΔAAT pretreatment and then incubated with the presence or absence of AAT/C/ΔAAT. After 0, 5, 11, 17, 23, or 29 h’ incubation, DNA was extracted to detect viral DNA integration (B and D). Genomic beta-globin was also detected as an endogenous control. (TIF 1195 kb)